Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento multicomponente sobre indicadores de salud física y cognitiva de mujeres mayores / Effects of a multicomponent training program on physical and cognitive health indicators of older women

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de un programa de Entrenamiento MultiComponente (EMC) sobre autonomía funcional, fuerza muscular, composición corporal, capacidad cognitiva y perfil glucémico de mujeres mayores. Material y Métodos: 13 mujeres con edad 61,0 ± 6,0 años, participaron del estudio durante 12 semanas, siendo ­ Entrenamiento Resistido (ER); martes y viernes ­ Entrenamiento Funcional (EF) y Entrenamiento de Judo Adaptado (EJA), en la misma sesión; se utilizó el protocolo de autonomía funcional ­ GDLAM, Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MEEM), test de predicción de 1RM, índices: glicémico, masa corporal (IMC), relación cintura-cadera (IRCQ), relación cintura-estatura (RCE) y siete pliegues cutáneos. Resultados:Hubo mejora (p<0,05) para todos los test del GDLAM y el índice general (∆% = -21,31%; p-valor = 0,0006). Para el MEEM fue identificado mejoría en el puntaje general (∆%=8,98%; p-valor= 0,002), atención, cálculo y lenguaje. También hubo mejora (p<0,05) para todos los ejercicios de fuerza. Para composición corporal: porcentaje de grasa (%G) (∆%= -11,8%; p-valor= 0,001). Conclusión: El programa de EMC realizado cuatro veces en la semana, durante 12 semanas fue eficaz para mejorar la autonomía funcional, la fuerza muscular, la función cognitiva, para variables % G, masa magra y grasa de las mujeres estudiadas.

BSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the effect of a Multi-Component Training (CMT) program on functional autonomy, muscle strength, body composition, cognitive capacity and glycemic profile of older women. Material and Methods: 13 women aged 61.0 ± 6.0 years, participated in the study for 12 weeks, being -Resisted Training (ER); Tuesday and Friday - Functional Training (EF) and Adapted Judo Training (EJA), in the same session; The functional autonomy protocol was used - GDLAM, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), 1RM prediction test, glycemic index, body mass (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHtR) and seven skin folds. Results:There was improvement (p <0.05) for all GDLAM tests and the general index (Δ% = -21.31%; p-value = 0.0006). For the MMSE, an improvement was identified in the general score (Δ% = 8.98%; p-value = 0.002), attention, calculation and language. There was also improvement (p <0.05) for all resistance exercises. For body composition: fat percentage (% G) (Δ% = -11.8%; p-value = 0.001). Conclusion:The CME program performed four times a week for 12 weeks was effective in improving functional autonomy, muscle strength, cognitive function, for variables % F, lean mass and fat of the women studied.

Qualidade de vida de cuidadores de idosos com diagnóstico de Alzheimer e o emprego de acupuntura – Revisão de Literatura / Quality of life of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's disease and acupuncture therapy. Review study

A qualidade de vida de cuidadores tem sido preocupação dos pesquisadores, especialmente de cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer. A doença de Alzheimer é incapacitante, gera total dependência e o doente requer atenção exclusiva, portanto, sobrecarrega fisicamente, emocionalmente e socialmente quem cuida. A acupuntura que é uma terapia integradora entre o corpo e a mente pode ser uma maneira não medicamentosa de aliviar o fardo dos cuidadores. Nesse sentido, este estudo buscou na literatura entre 2005 e 2015 estudos que correlacionassem os efeitos da acupuntura na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores de idosos. Foram encontradas muitas evidencias de que esta terapia melhora a qualidade de vida em diversas patologias. Esta revisão identificou que há uma lacuna no emprego de acupuntura na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores.

Quality of life of caregivers has been concern of researchers, especially caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is disabling, it generates total dependence and the patient requires undivided attention, so physically overloads, emotionally and socially caregivers. Acupuncture is an integrative therapy between the bodyand the mind can be a non-drug way to ease the burden of caregivers. Therefore, this study review in the literature between 2005 and 2015 studies that correlate the effects of acupuncture on the quality of life of elderly Alzheimer caregivers. It was founded many evidence that this therapy improves the quality of life in various diseases. This review identified that there is a gap in the use of acupuncture in the caregivers' quality of life.